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Journal article
What’s the Best Way to Store Toxic 1080 Baits?
Ecological management & restoration, Vol.26(2), e70009
2025
Abstract
Being able to store toxic baits could allow livestock producers to target ‘hot spots’ of predator activity, supplementing or even replacing broadscale baiting, therefore avoiding potential risk of bait‐resistant populations. We compared 1080 dose recovered from dried meat baits (DMB; camel, horse and kangaroo) and sausage baits stored by different methods (shed, locked transport box, freezer, cryo‐vacuumed) to identify whether they were still lethal, and address concern that freezing/thawing could result in loss of the water‐soluble 1080 toxicant. We developed a bait collection method to halt microbial activity (preserving 1080 dose), allowing collection of baits manufactured under field conditions by five regional Recognised Biosecurity Groups according to their own schedule and methods. We assayed 351 baits (including 43 negative control baits, i.e., no toxicant), just over half (54%) of which were manufactured by us, using consistent meat masses, 1080 doses, and drying methods. For freshly manufactured baits, there was good consistency in bait manufacture, with no significant difference in recovered 1080. For stored baits, there was no effect of time on recovered 1080 for up to 2 months (maximum length of study), indicating different storage methods were equally effective in maintaining lethal baits. Manufactured sausage baits contained significantly more 1080 than DMB manufactured for this study, and showed substantial variability in recovered 1080 dose, which could reflect gun handling error. Storage in a locked transport box resulted in marked insect damage, likely rendering baits unattractive to target species. Freezing baits did not result in reduced 1080 dose. The majority (93%) of deployed/stored baits had a lethal 1080 dose recovered (13/192 baits were below the LD 50 for a 20 kg dingo). Dry shed storage is prescribed as best practice, but freezing baits does not reduce their toxic dose. Future testing for longer durations of storage would be beneficial.
Details
- Title
- What’s the Best Way to Store Toxic 1080 Baits?
- Authors/Creators
- Heather M. Crawford - Murdoch UniversityRicarda Fenske - Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentGerard Smith - Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentTeen Ryan - Goldfields Nullarbor Rangelands Biosecurity Association Kalgoorlie Western Australia AustraliaJamie (Frog) Taylor - Wild Dog Control AustraliaDaniel Carlisle - EspéranceDebbie Dowden - Mission AustraliaDean Butcher - Animal Pest Management Services Cannington Western Australia AustraliaTracey L. Kreplins - Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentJim Miller - Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentMalcolm Kennedy - Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentPatricia A. Fleming - Murdoch University
- Publication Details
- Ecological management & restoration, Vol.26(2), e70009
- Publisher
- Ecological Society of Australia and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
- Number of pages
- 13
- Grant note
- Western Australian Wild Dog Action Plan 2016-2021Win Kirkpatrick (DPIRD), Meja Aldrich (Australian Wool Innovation's WA Wild)Council of Australian University Librarians
We acknowledge that this work was carried out across Whadjuk, Ballardong, Kalaamaya, Wudjari, and Badimaya Country. Thanks to Marieke Jansen and Max Sielmen for making and collecting baits, John Mullen and Stuart Dawson for collection and transportation, John Stuart for assisting with bait manufacture. Thanks for advice from Win Kirkpatrick (DPIRD), Meja Aldrich (Australian Wool Innovation's WA Wild Dog Coordinator), Geoff Brooks, Ashley Dowden, and Linda Vernon. Open access publishing facilitated by Murdoch University, as part of the Wiley - Murdoch University agreement via the Council of Australian University Librarians.
- Identifiers
- 991005762554107891
- Copyright
- © 2025 The Author(s).
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Centre for Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Sustainability; School of Environmental and Conservation Sciences
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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